BASIC HARDWARE COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER

TASK-1

 1.Block Diagram of Computer System :: The Computer system consists of mainly three types that are central processing unit (CPU),Input Devices, and Output Devices .The Central processing unit (CPU) again consists of ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) and Control Unit. The set of instruction is presented to the computer in the form of raw data which is entered through input devices such as keyboard or mouse.

Later this set of instruction is processed with the help of CPU, and the computer system Produce an Output with the help of Output Devices mainly Printers and monitors. Large amount of data is stored in the computer memory with the help of primary and secondary storage devices temporarily and permanently. This are called as storage devices

The CPU is the heart | Brian of a computer because without the necessary action taken by the CPU the user cannot get the desired output. The central Processing unit [CPU] is responsible for processing all the Instruction which is given to computer system or PC. Below Block Diagram of Computer and Its Components are mentioned For Better Understanding

Block Diagram of Computer

The Basic components & parts of computer system are given below ::

·      Input Devices

·      Output Devices

·      CPU (Central Processing Unit)

·      Storage Unit

·      ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit)

·      Control Unit

Input Devices of Computer System

·        Input devices:

The set of instruction or information is provided to the computer system or PC with the help of input devices such as (keyboard, mouse, scanners etc). The Instruction or data presented to computer system is converted into binary form then it is supplied to computer system for further processing .

The Input Unit perform transferring the data from outside the world into the system and later this data is processed and system produces instruction through output unit such as Printer, monitors etc.

The Input devices enter's the data from outside the world into the primary storage devices.The input devices are a means of communication with outside world and our computer system.

·      Input Devices accepts or receives the data or instruction from outside the world such as input devices like keyboard and mouse

·      It converts the data or instruction or information into machine readable form for further processing.

·      Later it supplies the decipherable information to PC for additionally handling

·      They act like a connection between outside the world and our own computer system

·      Keyboard and mouse are the prime examples of input devices.

·      When the procedure is finished we get or receive desire result using output devices such as printer's and monitor's.

Output Devices of Computer Systems

Output Devices ::

Output devices of computer produce or generate results with the help of devices or gadgets such as printer,monitoretc primarily these instruction or data provided to computer system is in binary code so to produce or generate the desired output the system has to convert this data into human-readable form, to do so it has to first present the data or instruction to computer system for further processing or handling.With the help and assistance of output devices, the system is linked or connected with outside world.

For Example, The data or instruction such as Graphics, images or text is inserted in the computer system with the help of input devices as the data received from the input devices is in binary code, therefore, the data has to be primarily converted into human readable form after processing user get the required or desired data or set of information.

The prime examples of Output devices are Printer, Monitor,Projectorsetc

·      The output devices receives all the data or instruction in binary code.

·      The output devices converts the binary codes into human readable or intelligible form for better understanding and better functionality.

·      They produces the changed or converted result to the user .which is effectively comprehensible by humans for proper and accurate understanding.

·      They acts as a connection or link between outside world and computer system or our own PC framework.

·      Printers, monitors and projector's are the prime examples of output devices.

2. Difference between new keyboard and old keyboard.

Membrane Keyboard         

What is a Membrane Keyboard

Let’s get down to business with the first type of keyboard called a membrane, it uses 3 different layers in it design, which are very flexible. The first layer is called the top membrane layer, under the top there is a conductive trace. When the key is pressed, it moves thru the second layer which is made up of holes, allowing the pressure pads that are located under each key to pass through, and make contact with the conductive traces on top of the bottom membrane layer.

There are two types of designs that are used. One is the flat key design, which is commonly used on microwave ovens. The keys in this design are printed on the same pad, It still uses an pressure pad, but because it provides no notable “physical feedback”, it makes it hard to use on a computer keyboard, which typist rely on physical feedbacks to blink type.

The other type called dome switch keyboard, which uses a dome with printed letters on top, sometimes they are printed on or laser stretched. This type of keyboard uses a rubber or a silicone keypad that comes with domes as the top membrane layer. When the domes being press down, they collapse, and the graphite under the dome will complete the circuit underneath the membrane pad, thereby sent signal of a key being pressed.

·  Pros of Membrane Keyboards

Similar typing experience to mechanical keyboard

The dome switch keyboard uses rubber or silicone domes to simulate the spring structure of mechanical keyboard, which gives this type of keyboard solid physical feedbacks. Although there is difference between the typing experience of membrane keyboard and those of mechanical keyboard, with the advance of technology, the gap between them is getting smaller.

Relatively Quiet

While typing on any keyboard with a high speed can be loud, membrane keyboard have better reputation than mechanical keyboards when it comes to typing sound volume. Some mechanical keyboard, especially the blue switches, can be very loud, although it may not be a bad thing as some typists enjoy this sound.

More Portable

Membrane keyboards usually are usually made of plastic, making it lighter than mechanical keyboard, which has a larger proposition of metal gears. You can easily carry a light membrane keyboard and type on your lap if you want to.

• Affordable

As membrane keyboards can be made with common materials and matured technology, a membrane keyboard will be more affordable than a mechanical keyboard that comes with the same features.

·          Cons of Membrane Keyboards

Typing Feels

The keys require more of an effort to type, when you press down on the key. Some

typists found that membrane keyboards are “mushy” to type on, which affect their typing

experience.

Key Rollover
If you’re a fast typist there will be times when you’re typing that the keys will not be registered as a hit as the key wasn’t pressed down all the way. This happens to me all the time.
Lifespan
Though having a lifespan of millions of key presses and lasts for years, the membrane keyboard can still wear out quicker than a mechanical keyboard, when they do wear out the membrane will start to feel more mushy which causes the keys to loose feedback.
Cleaning

       While you can take away keycaps of mechanical keyboards to clean the keyboard, it is

        harder to clean a membrane keyboard as the keycaps are usually not removable.

Mechanical keyboard

What is a mechanical keyboard

The mechanical keyboards use switches to send typing signal. There are more than one kind of switches out there, each one performing differently. Each key has its own switch, which comes with a base, a spring and a stem. The most common switches are blue, red, brown, black etc. Some require a certain amount of force to be press, Tactile while making a clicking sound or without, and others can be easy to press. Mechanical keyboard usually provides exchangeable keycaps, which allow users to DIY their keyboard.

·          Pros of mechanical keyboards

Removable Keycaps

The key caps can be removed which allow you to customized your keyboard to match the theme of your case, your desktop or give a style's look to your keyboard.

Durability

Since there isn’t a membrane inside the mechanical they take a longer time than membrane keyboards to wear out. Plus they stay the same since day one and do not change feedback. Meaning you do not have to get used to the keyboard again if the feel changes unlike membrane keyboards.

   Tactility

Typist benefit from the keys as so, when you type the letter is registered and it does not require a lot of effort to type, which is great for those who are fast typist including gamers, who need to hit one or more then quickly or often.

Different Typing Style

With mechanical keyboard, you don’t have to press a key all the way down to the bottom to make it register, which means you can press half way and stop. This allows faster typing speed and less fatigue.

Heavy

The weight of mechanical keyboard can be either a pro or a con, depending on how you use it. Mechanical keyboards tend to be heavy which helps by stopping the keyboard from being pushed around your desk when you type.

Key Rollover

Mechanical keyboard usually allows you to press many keys at the same time; some even allows you to press all keys at the same time (N key rollover). This will benefit those who games with the keyboard.

Easier to Clean

As the keycaps of mechanical keyboard can be removed, you can clean a mechanical keyboard easily by removing the keycaps.

·          Cons of mechanical keyboards
More expensive

Mechanical keyboards use more expensive materials and technology, so you will need to spend more than you normally would for a membrane to get one.

Loud

The sound volume of mechanical keyboard depends on the switches that are used, such as blues as they can be loud. So if you’re in a location with other people, they will hear you typing away, unless you have the door closed, or if you’re talking on a mic. Again, some typists don’t mind the sound and even enjoy them.

Heavy:- 

Weight while this is a pro for some people, this can be a con for others those who move their keyboards around while its traveling or move from different desktops.

DIY skills may required

      While mechanical keyboards can be used out of the box, it will be also fun to customize it with different keycaps and switches. However, customizing it may require some DIY skills.

3.difference between old and new mouse

A mouse that uses light to detect movement. Introduced in the late 1990s, optical mice superseded mechanical mice because their sealed bottom surfaces do not absorb dust and dirt. They work by emitting light from an LED or laser, and a CMOS sensor detects the light reflections as the mouse is moved.

4. Lastest computer and its description (under 60000rs.)

Lenovo Core i7 8th Gen - (8 GB/1 TB HDD/Windows 10 Home/2 GB Graphics) L340-15IWL Laptop

·        Intel Core i7 Processor (8th Gen)

·        8 GB DDR4 RAM

·        64 bit Windows 10 Operating System

·        1 TB HDD

·        39.62 cm (15.6 inch) Display

·        1 Year Onsite Warranty

Price:- ₹58,990